Pollination Info for Canadian Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)

Canadian Hemlock is a common tree species found in the eastern United States and Canada. It is a coniferous tree that produces small, reddish-brown cones that are about 1 inch in length. The tree typically blooms in the spring, usually between March and May.

Canadian Hemlock is pollinated by wind. Pollen is released from male cones and is carried by the wind to female cones, where it fertilizes the ovules. Female cones then grow into seed cones, which fall from the tree in the fall or winter, releasing the seeds within.

Though Canadian Hemlock is wind-pollinated, it is also an important species for native pollinators, such as bees and butterflies. These insects visit Canadian Hemlock for its nectar, which is produced in small amounts in tiny flowers found at the base of branchlets.

Overall, pollination plays a crucial role in the reproduction and survival of Canadian Hemlock, both for seed production and for supporting pollinator populations.

Frequently Asked Questions: Canadian Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)

What is Canadian Hemlock?

Canadian Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) is an evergreen tree that is native to eastern North America, from Georgia to Newfoundland. It is commonly used as an ornamental tree in landscaping due to its attractive, dense foliage and ability to tolerate shade.

How tall does Canadian Hemlock grow?

Canadian Hemlock can grow up to 70 feet tall, but typically reaches a mature height of 40 to 50 feet.

What are the leaves like on a Canadian Hemlock?

The leaves on a Canadian Hemlock are small, needle-like, and about 1/2 to 3/4 inch long. They are a dark green color on top and have two white stripes on the underside.

Does Canadian Hemlock produce cones?

Yes, Canadian Hemlock produces cones that are about 3/4 to 1 1/2 inches long. The cones are brown and hang down from the branches.

What type of soil does Canadian Hemlock prefer?

Canadian Hemlock prefers well-drained, acidic soil that is rich in organic matter. It does not tolerate compacted or poorly drained soil.

Can Canadian Hemlock tolerate shade?

Yes, Canadian Hemlock is shade tolerant and can grow in full shade.

What pests and diseases are common to Canadian Hemlock?

Common pests that attack Canadian Hemlock include spider mites, scales, and adelgids. Diseases that can affect Canadian Hemlock include canker, rust, and needle blight.

Can Canadian Hemlock be used for lumber?

Yes, Canadian Hemlock can be used for lumber, but it is not considered a valuable timber species. It is commonly used for plywood, pulpwood, and paper production.

Planting & Care for Canadian Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)

Planting

• Select a location that has well-drained soil and is partially shaded or receives filtered sunlight.
• Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball of the plant.
• Place the plant in the hole so that the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface.
• Backfill the hole with soil and gently tamp the soil down.
• Water thoroughly after planting.

Care

• Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist, but not waterlogged. Water deeply once a week during the growing season.
• Fertilizing: Fertilize with a slow-release, acidic fertilizer in the spring.
• Pruning: Prune in the late winter or early spring before new growth appears. Trim off any dead, diseased or damaged branches.
• Propagation: The plant can be propagated through softwood cuttings taken in early summer.
• Pests and diseases: The Canadian Hemlock is susceptible to woolly adelgid, spider mites and scale insects. Also, it is prone to root rot if it is planted in poorly-draining soil.